Spleen introduction the spleen is an organ found in. It is wrapped by a fibroelastic capsule which allows the spleen to significantly increase its size when necessary. In this article we will discuss about the structure of spleen with the help of suitable diagram. The spleen becomes palpable underneath the left costal margin in instances where its size is at least twice normal. Anatomy and physiology of the spleen sciencedirect. With the spleen retracted medially, the phrenicocolic ligament is incised. Gross anatomy photograph of the relationship of the. Cytohistology of focal liver lesions cytohistology of small tissue samples pdf.
The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune. Learn spleen histology with free interactive flashcards. Blood cells, liver, spleen, desert tortoisetestudo graeca. Imaging finding of traumatic injury to the spleen on ultrasound and.
The spleen is an intraperitoneal organ, so all of its surfaces are covered with visceral peritoneum. Free download abdomen, spleen,liver anatomy and physiology diagrams click on the picture for bigger size human body maps tool. The spleen plays important roles in regard to red blood cells erythrocytes and the immune system. Structurefunction of the immune system in the spleen ncbi.
Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. Lies just beneath the left half of the diaphragm close to 9,10 and 11 ribs and on the left side of abdomen. Free download abdomen,spleen,liver anatomy and physiology. Only the hilum of the spleen, the site through which the splenic artery and vein pass, is peritoneum free. Like the thymus, it only has efferent lymph vessels, which leave from. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, indepth articles and hd atlas are here to get you top results faster. This is an anatomical space where sonography can quickly detect any free fluid or blood accumulated in the recess from trauma or other pathological events. Spleen, organ of the lymphatic system located in the left side of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm, the muscular partition between the abdomen and the chest.
Changes in spleen histology in response to antigenic. Register now and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide. Also remove heinz bodies or other red blood cell inclusions peripheral blood has howelljolly bodies if no functional spleen is present white pulp. Spleen is a clinically important organ because of its immunological and hematological role in the body. Histologically, the spleen architecture was altered with expansion of the white pulp nodules by small mature lymphocytes with no prominent germinal center formations identified figure 1 a, b. This is a section of the spleen showing the fibrous capsule at the surface and the red and white pulp regions within the organ. Similar to the case for lymph nodes, proliferating bcells within the white pulp. A text and atlas 7th edition pdf using our direct links mentioned at the end of this article. The spleen is the most affected organ in patients with abdominal organ injury after blunt trauma. In humans, the spleen is brownish in color and is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Spleen histology spleen, dog labels histology slide. Similar in structure to a large lymph node, it acts primarily as a blood filter. Introduction the spleen is an organ found in virtually all vertebrates.
Spleen cross section for histological understanding of structures dr govinddas akbari. In humans it is about the size of a fist and is well supplied with blood. It can show a wide range of variation, the knowledge of which is important for physicians, surgeons and radiologists the present study was done to perform a morphometric analysis of cadaveric spleens and compare the results with previous studies. I think usually the first response is to diagnose and treat the underlying disorder which caused the spleen to enlarge, because. Usually 40% of normal size to be palpable, but not all palpable spleens will beabnormal,nor will all abnormal spleens been palpable 20% of spleens 900 gms not palpable, nl 150gmsmnemonic for splenomegaly spleens sequestration.
The white pulp represents the sections of the spleen which are involved in immune responses to bloodborne microbes and are in many ways analogous to lymph nodes. The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to bloodborne antigens and for filtering the blood of foreign material and old or damaged red blood cells. Like the lymph node, the human spleen is a highly compartimentalized organ. Pdf the spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to bloodborne antigens. Like the thymus, the spleen houses and aids in the maturation of immune system cells called lymphocytes. Like the lymph nodes, it also has a hilus hilium which is where the major blood vessels enter and leave. The spleen can be a troublesome specimen for the surgical pathologist, not only because experience with the range of normal splenic histology is limited by its rarity but also because there is an often a frustrating discordance between the patients clinical condition and the perceived findings. The nodules of white pulp are wellspaced and have germinal center formation. Spleen birte steiniger, university of marburg, marburg, germany the spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ present in all vertebrates. Located in the upper left region of the abdominal cavity, the spleens primary function is to filter blood of damaged cells, cellular debris, and pathogens such as bacteria and viruses.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Hairy cell leukemia splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and neoplastic mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood and bone marrowadministration of purine analogues, as initialtreatment. Anatomy, embryology, histology and physiology of the spleen. Study 78 spleen pathology flashcards from kelsey b. I dont have lymphoma, but that sounds kind of risky to take out your spleen if they dont even know whats wrong with it. Forms sheaths of lymphoid cells around arteries periarteriolar lymphatic sheath, composed of t cells and lymphoid follicles b cells with surrounding mantle zone proliferating b cells and. Home login histology photo album home album list last uploads last comments most viewed top rated my favorites search. Normal histology of the human spleen van krieken j. The spleen is the largest organ of the lymphatic system. Picture of the spleen human spleen anatomy diagram.
All help with enlarged spleen messages cancercompass. The spleen is an organ found in virtually all vertebrates. Spleen lien is the largest lymphoid tissue in the body and specialised, beenshaped organ for filtering blood. Migration of lymphocytes and thymocytes in the rat. On the outer edge, note the presence of a capsule from which short trabeculae containing a trabecular artery and trabecular vein extend into the parenchyma. This is one tested and proven method for mastering histology spotting. The spleen has multiple functions in the human body. The hilum of the spleen is the only part of the spleen that is peritoneum free.
Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 4. The spleen is very economical, in that it saves any useful components, such as iron, from the old cells. Being an intraperitoneal organ, the spleen is covered by a layer of visceral. Spleen cross section for histological understanding of. The spleen is asymmetric in shape with a smooth convex portion abutting the diaphragm and a concave surface medially. In dogs, the spleen increases in weight during the first 6 months of life hoganesch and hahn, 2001. Choose from 171 different sets of spleen histology flashcards on quizlet. The edinburgh building, cambridge cb2 8ru, united kingdom published in the united states of america by cambridge university press, new york cambridge university press is part of the university of cambridge. Morphology of blood cells, liver and spleen of the.
The canine spleen petmassage training and research. The spleen is an organ responsible for many biological functions, such as immunological defense. The surgeon and the spleen itp low platelet, normal bone marrow, abscess of other causes increased platelet destruction mediated by autoantibodies to platelet membrane antigens that results in platelet phagocytosis by the spleen 72% pts 10yrs are female, 70% of affected females less than 40yrs. The anatomy and embryology of the spleen are well described in standard texts on those subjects 1. Home education eatlas histopathology spleen immune thrombocytopenic purpura itp immune thrombocytopenic purpura itp image id. Sign up for your free kenhub account today and join over 1,293,690 successful anatomy students. Current diagnostic pathology 1997 4, 100105 1997 pearson professional ltd histology of the spleen.
The spleen combines the innate and adaptive immune system in a uniquely organized way. These functions are carried out by the 2 main compartments of the spleen, the white pulp including the marginal zone and the. As the lymph nodes are filters for the lymphatic circulation, the spleen is the primary filtering element. The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ in the body and is interposed within the circulatory system. It is structurally complex and has a number of different functions such as immunological monitoring of bloodborne antigens, storage of blood and destruction of aged or abnormal blood cells. What is a hereditary disorder that occurs among blacks where the red blood cells are deformed abnormally shaped and become susceptible to rupture vascular obstruction is concentrated in spleen and bones. Other cells derived from the sinusoids of the splenic. Human anatomy for muscle, reproductive, and skeleton. Normal structure, function, and histology of the spleen. Pdf normal structure, function, and histology of the spleen. Numerous references discuss the effects of aging on lymphocyte function and changes in the distribution of lymphocyte subsets. Function and anatomy of the spleen and splenomegaly.
Because the spleen is an extremely vascular organ, it contains many vessels that carry and circulate fluids in the dogs body. Lymphocyte circulation in the spleen pubmed central pmc. The spleen metabolizes sugar and overall digestion by breaking food down into manageable parts. Each compartment has its own structure, cell population, and functions. Anatomical and histomorphological study of spleen and. The spleen is delivered to the midline by means of blunt and sharp dissection of the areolar plane between the kidney and the pancreas. Alright, now in this part of the article, you will be able to access the free pdf download of histology. The isolated free cells in this network differentiate into hematopoietic cells in the next months of gestation.
Grossly, the spleen was enlarged, weighing 519 grams and measuring 16 x 11 x 6. In contrast to the other organs we have seen so far, the spleen is not arranged into cortex and medulla. This striking wavelike, somewhat psychedelic, pattern of enhancement is a product of the unique splenic vascular anatomy, specifically the sinusoids within the red pulp. The red pulp has a normal vascularity and does not appear to be expanded. Detailed anatomical and embryological descriptions have been purposely omitted from this chapter, which concentrates on the surgical relevance of spleenrelated structures and. Spleen structure, lecture by doctor, surgery, introduction of spleen, hospital presentation. The spleen is a pulpy organ approximately the size of a fist, and contains the largest single aggregate of lymphoid tissue in the body. Related posts of human spleen anatomy diagram inner body cardiovascular system. In holocephalans rabbit fish, chimaera the spleen is associated with the pancreas and is lying free in the peritoneal cavity 11.
Smart histology is a novel and revolutionary application for learning histology. The structure of the spleen enables it to remove older erythrocytes from the circulation and leads to the. Normal structure, function, and histology of the spleen mark f. The spleen reaches peak development at puberty, in rats, followed by gradual involution losco, 1992. Histological and immunohistochemical features of the. The spleen is the largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body, and is found between stomach and diaphragm.
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